The three elements of motion are distance (miles, feet, etc.), time (hours, minutes, etc.), and rate or speed (miles per hour, feet per second, etc.). Their relationship is shown by the formula: distance (d) = rate (r) x time (t) d = rt :RA Other forms of the formula are: d d r = - t = - t r Note that the distance d is always in the numerator. :RA In solving motion problems, you will always use one of these forms of the formula. Be sure to have the units correspond. For example, if the rate is in miles per hour, the distance should be in miles, and the time, in hours. Examples mentioning OVERTAKE or SURPASS usually get the distances equal to each other. Also the objects in these problems are travelling in the same direction. If the objects are travelling in opposite directions, most often you add the distances to get a given total distance. :RA AVERAGE RATE: When parts of a trip are made at different rates, the average rate is not the usual math average of the rates. The average rate is the uniform speed at which one would have to go throughout the trip in order to cover the same entire distance in the same total time: total distance average rate = -------------- total time :RA If you travel a distance of 70 miles in 3 hours and return in 2 hours, your average rate is: 70 + 70 140 mi -------- = --- = 28-- 3 + 2 5 hr :ET :ET Copyright ARROW INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEMS July 1983 ≡ `Ç » └≡ / Åó ≡ ≡ !≡ #≡ » ╧ 1 3@5`7Ç9á;└I╨ A C@E`G≡ » _p ┐
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